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You can etransfer to Henry Lam at chesstalkforum at gmail dot com
Transfér à Henry Lam à chesstalkforum@gmail.com
Dark Knight / Le Chevalier Noir
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---- Nous avons besoin d'un traduction français!
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Old West Norse chess terminology and the introduction of chess into Scandinavia
Robert Nedoma
Abstract
In view of recent research, the introduction of chess into Europe is to be dated to the first half of the 10th century. Apparently, Old West Norse (i.e. to a large extent, Old Icelandic) chess nomenclature –terms of the game, pieces and game endings – has a central European style, and it entirely conforms to the terms of Middle Latin (mainly attested in medieval Germany). In contrast, there are no significant concordances to Middle English terminology that could establish a North Atlantic chess connection between England and Iceland. Thus linguistic evidence indicates that the game was transferred from central Europe to (western) Scandinavia, probably by travellers returning from Italy and/or Germany. It remains unclear whether the game reached North Europe via an Eastern route.
I recall reading, a few years ago, that the very famous Lewis Chess Set, found on the Island of Lewis, northwest of mainland Scotland, was believed to date from the 11th or 12th century, and the design of those pieces suggested a Nordic connection, with similarities to Nordic pieces, and then from there to central Russia, due to trading patterns of the time. Chess then did NOT spread via Italy, to France, then to British Isles; so this link seems to confirm that theory. Very interesting.
Gaming pieces from Recent Excavations of the Kyiv Podil. In:
The Cultural Role of Chess in Medieval and Modern Times 50th Anniversary Jubilee of the Sandomierz Chess Discovery
Abstract:
Several gaming pieces have been found during last years in archaeological excavations at the Podil of ancient Kyiv. They belong to different games: chess, backgammon, hnefatafl. The finds were discovered in the trade and craft manors date back to the 12th and perhaps 13th centuries. One of them was made of stone, three of antler and another three of walrus tusk. That is not ordinary for Kyiv, where usually gaming pieces were made of antler. Probably that was a reflection of trade dealings of ancient Kyiv Podil.
Im having problems with the link. It begins as follows
« Playing with Memory : the Chessboard as a Mnemonic Tool in Medieval Didactic Literature », in Daniel O’Sullivan (dir.), "Chess in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Age : A Fundamental Thought Paradigm of the Premodern World", Berlin and New York, Walter de Gruyter, 2012, p. 187-197.
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